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Anatomy
50 flashcards
The crura of the diaphragm, composed of skeletal muscle, forms the tough central tendon.
The four main tissue types are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue.
The skeletal system provides structure, protection, mineral storage, and enables body movement via muscle attachments to bones.
The three main parts of a long bone are the diaphysis (shaft), epiphyses (ends), and metaphyses (areas between shaft and ends).
The femur (thigh bone) is the largest and strongest bone in the human body.
The three main types of muscle tissue are skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle.
The digestive system breaks down food into nutrients that can be absorbed into the bloodstream and eliminates indigestible waste products.
The four main sections of the alimentary canal are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines (small and large).
The liver is the largest gland in the human body.
The four main chambers of the heart are the right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and left ventricle.
The respiratory system delivers oxygen to the body's cells and removes carbon dioxide waste.
The two main divisions of the nervous system are the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system (nerves).
The functional unit of the kidney is the nephron, which filters blood and forms urine.
Synovial fluid lubricates the joints and reduces friction between the bones during movement.
The three main parts of the brain are the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain.
The two main types of bone cells are osteoblasts (bone-forming cells) and osteoclasts (bone-resorbing cells).
The lymphatic system helps protect the body against disease-causing agents, maintains fluid balance, and aids in fat absorption from the digestive system.
The three main layers of the skin are the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis (subcutaneous tissue).
The aorta is the largest artery in the human body.
The primary function of red blood cells is to transport oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues.
The liver is the human body's largest internal organ.
The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver, which aids in the digestion of fats.
The main functions of the pancreas are to produce digestive enzymes that help digest food and hormones like insulin that regulate blood sugar levels.
The three main parts of the small intestine are the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
The primary function of the spleen is to filter blood by removing old or damaged red blood cells.
The solid, outermost layer of compact bone is called the periosteum.
The two main types of cartilage are hyaline cartilage (e.g. nose, joints) and fibrocartilage (e.g. intervertebral discs).
The two main divisions of the autonomic nervous system are the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
The femur (thigh bone) is the longest bone in the human body.
The primary function of the bladder is to store urine until it can be eliminated from the body.
The three main layers that form the wall of the stomach are the mucosa, submucosa, and muscularis layers.
The gluteus maximus is the largest muscle in the human body.
The two main types of epithelial tissue are simple epithelium (single layer) and stratified epithelium (multiple layers).
The primary function of the pituitary gland is to produce and regulate important hormones in the body.
The diaphysis or shaft is the toughest part of a long bone.
The main function of the thyroid gland is to produce hormones that regulate metabolism.
The three main types of joints are fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints.
The parotid gland is the largest salivary gland in the human body.
The primary function of the adrenal glands is to produce hormones like cortisol and adrenaline that regulate stress response and metabolism.
The sartorius muscle is the longest muscle in the human body, running down the length of the thigh.
The two main types of bone marrow are red marrow (produces blood cells) and yellow marrow (stores fat).
The larynx (voice box) houses the vocal cords and plays a role in swallowing, breathing, and speech production.
The epiglottis is a flap of cartilage that covers the trachea during swallowing to prevent food from entering the airway.
The four main types of teeth in humans are incisors, canines, premolars, and molars.
The primary function of the iris is to control the amount of light entering the eye by adjusting the size of the pupil.
Tendons attach skeletal muscles to bones, transmitting the force generated by muscle contraction to move the bones.
The fluid found in the joints is called synovial fluid.
The two main types of blood vessels are arteries and veins.
The outermost layer of a muscle fiber is called the epimysium.
The tympanic membrane transmits sound waves from the outer ear to the middle ear, allowing us to hear.